Francis Bacon Vs John Locke Philosophy Essay

Francis Bacon Vs John Locke Philosophy Essay Cognition is one of the main principles of philosophy. Searching for the ways to understand the surrounding world, trying to make sure that people live in the world they can explain, many philosophers tried to create their own theories of nature reasoning. People have always been interested in the nature, its processes, and the way in which scientific discoveries are made. There are two ways to consider the nature, deductive and inductive. Francis Bacon and John Locke are two philosophers who searching for the most effective ways of cognition have come to opposite perspectives and presented those in their writings, Novum Organum Scientiarum and An Essay on Human Understanding respectively. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding are two pieces of writing which do not only present the points of view of the authors, but also describe two important ways for considering science and conducting the process of condition, even though the perspectives of these two people are opposite, they are both applied in the modern world with the same frequency. The main reason for writing these two pieces of scientific discussion was the desire to understand the modern world. Cognition is important for philosophers of the whole world and searching for the most effective ways for understanding the nature Locke and Bacon came to two opposite ways in understanding different processes. Bacon and Locke apply to deductive and inductive methods, which differ by the starting point and the vision of the beginning of the research. It is difficult to understand the surrounding world, as sometimes it seems to be indescribable and confusing; however, Bacon and Locke managed to prove that appropriate approach to cognition under correct conditions and in appropriate time with a restricted number of actions may lead to solving the mystery of the surrounding world. Each mystery should be considered from the side of an appropriate perspective or theory. Considering the main idea of inductive and deductive method, one should imagine a problem, which he/she wants to dwell upon. Applying to the deductive method, the problem should be considered from a general perspective. Further, the researcher should concretize and specify the issue turning to the very particular aspect, which is important. Having an opportunity to prove that the general rule is appropriate for the specific one, a person applies to the deductive method. Inductive method presupposes anther vision of the situation, when dealing with one specific action a person has to prove that the same condition is typical for the general audience. Thus, the generalization of the results is based on the inductive method. Bacon and Locke described these two methods in detail. Writing their pieces of literature, Locke and Bacon tried to deliver their vision of solving the problem of world cognition. Trying to present their methods, these people could not imagine that they open up the m ethods which are going to be used in the scientific world for many discoveries, as trying to solve any problem, working on the mystery, etc. researchers and scholars use either inductive or deductive methods to conduct a research. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum is more directed n logic than on philosophy, as applying to the discussion of the general issues, one should create the chain of events, consequences and conclusions which are based on the central general idea and come closer to the specific issue which is to be considered. Bacon states that for the powers and motions of things act and take effect at distances not indefinite or accidental, but finite and fixed; so that to ascertain and observe these distances in the investigation of the several natures is of the greatest advantage to practice, not only to prevent its failure but also to extend and increase its power (Bacon Novum Organum 206). In other words, Bacon tried to prove that the processes in the nature are interconnected and trying to come from the general aspect to the concrete one, a person will find the expected results only if the correct way is followed. The human disbelief in the fact that things are possible makes the scientific resear ch more complicated. Turning to close discussion of the very inductive method proposed by Bacon, it is important to point at the procedure of the research. A scholar should gather several events which have the same characteristics, outcome or other features. Considering each of the issues individually, the scholar should remember that hey are the part of the general issue. Thus, trying to find the individual features of the common generalized cases, he/she will be able to draw conclusions by means of posteriori reasoning concerning the validity of hypotheses that were formulated a priority (Vignais and Vignais 113) only in case the conditions are met and the procedure is followed ideally. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum is a revision of the Aristotles Organon. Bacon tries to make sure that the specifically new order in cognitive processes should be used. Being totally based on logic, Bacon tries to prove in this work that the science of a better and more perfect use of reason in the investigation of things and of the true end of the understanding (Bacon The essays or counsels civil and moral 33). One more important aspect in the Bacons work is the reference to the practical experiments, which helps understand the problem and increase the chances foe drawing the conclusion faster. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the contribution of Bacon in the development of the cognition and scientific world is invaluable Lockes Essay on Human Understanding is based on the process of cognition, when one pays attention to the details and tries to generalize the ideas, which one gathers. Searching for the explanation of different natural processes, the researcher is presupposes to gather the details, the parts of the general picture and step by step to come closer to the final goal. The considerationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ of ideas and words as the great instruments of knowledge makes no despicable part of their contemplation who would take a view of human knowledge in the whole extent of it (Locke 718). The importance of Lockes essay is the ways and methods he offered for understanding the human nature. Later, Lockes essay will be exercised as the profound influence upon the Enlightenment, providing the epistemological foundations for modern empiricism (Hyland, Gomez, and Greensides 40). The main idea of this wok is to make sure that people understand the importance of their knowledge and the way how this know ledge may be considered. The perception of the surrounding world plays great role in Lockes theory. Each person is a thinking being who has an opportunity to distinct ideas in ones mind and draw appropriate conclusions. The failure to consider the necessary issues, the failure to check the information which is really important for this very research is one of the main barriers on the way of human cognition. The main idea of Lockes inductive method is to gather all the necessary facts related to the problem and make the necessary connections. The failure to find all the issues and to make the correct connections is a failure many people do not know how to cope with. Locke is sure that once a person manages to understand an issue having created the correct chain of conclusions, the more complicated cognitive processes will be available for this person (Hyland, Gomez, and Greensides 42). Locke paid much attention to enthusiasm and Rudrum, Black, and Nelson correctly say that enthusiasm to Locke is the refusal to apply reason to ideas that the believer thinks are revealed truth, and the question he seeks to answer is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ how to distinguish between true revelation and mere enthusiasm (1029). These words just support the information mentioned above. A person who wants to conduct a cognitive process of thinking should make sure that purpose and the process is lead correctly, otherw ise, nothing will come out. Commenting on Lockes Essay on Human Understanding, Clarke confirmed that the main idea of the Lockes method is to understand the correct principle and to find the appropriate data, which perfectly meets the problem (Clarke 1). Trying to compare and contrast these two pieces of writing, Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding, the most important similarities and differences should be identified. These two works are directed at helping people conduct cognitive processes and find out the truth about human nature and the surrounding world. However, the approaches these two authors apply to differ greatly. Bacon bases his theory of logical thinking trying to prove that the pieces of information considered from the general scope of data is the most effective way for cognition. Locke does not try to contradict Bacons ideas, but he refers to another approach, trying to prove that the correctly selected pieces of information and the chain of appropriate conclusions is a guarantee of cognition. Therefore, it may be concluded that even though Bacons and Lockes ideas are diametrically opposite and the way of cognition these authors offer have nothing in common, these two theories deserve attention. Being absolutely different they neither contradict, nor supplement each other. These two theories have found the supporters in the world of science as both logical and knowledge-based methods are used in the modern science. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding should be considered as the greatest contributions to the scientific world as these people have presented the society with inductive and deductive methods of cognition, which help modern scientists conduct research. Moreover, separate parts of the discussion in these two pieces of writing offered the ideas for further research as science is a dynamic sphere, which requires constant movement ahead with the return to the already drawn conclusions to make sure that there is nothing to be added .

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1. How will you find the right caregiver for our family? During the initial assessment, we take detailed notes about your loved one’s hobbies, interests and needs. We then review our caregiver pool to find the person with the matching personality and skills. A member of our team will also be present on the first day of home care for the caregiver introduction and to ensure a smooth start. 2. Do you train your caregivers? Yes, extensively. We start by hiring caregivers who have experience working in senior care, then we provide education on Senior Helpers’ processes, standards and core values. New caregivers complete a 6-hour orientation training that includes topics such as rights of clients, infection control, client care tips and more. All caregivers have access to dozens of training topics about health care and senior care. 3. Do I pay the caregiver directly? No, you should never pay a caregiver directly. One designated family member will receive an invoice every other week, and payment should be remitted directly to our office. 4. What can I expect in a typical day with my caregiver? It depends on the type of service you have requested. It might include grocery shopping and running errands in the morning, preparing and eating lunch, preparing dinner for later, and going for a walk and playing games in the afternoon. We also have many activities available for our caregivers to check out from our Client Resource Library, including mind-stimulating programs for our clients with Alzheimer’s or dementia. 5. Will we have the same caregiver every time? We can’t guarantee your caregiver will always be available, but we’ll make every effort to have the same caregiver for every visit. We may occasionally introduce a new caregiver ... ...commended by their doctor. 12. How quickly can service start? Right away. Golden Oasis is known for our quick-start home care approach, which provides the care you need, when you need it. 13. Do I have to sign a contract or keep services for a specified period of time? We do have a standard service agreement that outlines the services that we will provide, which protects you and us. However, you can cancel our service at any time with at least two weeks notice. 14. Can I make changes to the schedule if I have an appointment? Absolutely! We just ask that you give us as much notice as possible by calling our office. Any cancellations with less than 24 hours notice may be subject to fees. 15. If I have a problem or question, whom should I contact? If you have any concerns or questions, please don’t hesitate to contact our office and speak with a member of our team.

SWOT Analysis of Nokia

Introduction Nokia was founded in 1865, is headquartered in Finland, mainly engaged in the production of mobile communication products multinational, is the world's third largest mobile phone manufacturer. February 2011, Nokia and Microsoft entered into a strategic alliance and the depth of cooperation.Over the past few years, Nokia shares have gradually from London, Frankfurt, Paris and Stockholm stock market delisting. February 9, 2012, due to poor management, Nokia announced layoffs in three mobile phone manufacturing plant 4000. April 11, 2012, due to huge losses for several quarters, Nokia shares plunged 17 percent, the market value has shrunk $ 5 billion a day, to fall back to 1997 levels. In the September 3, 2013 Microsoft officially announced a $ 3.79 billion euros acquisition of Nokia mobile phone business, to 1.65 billion euros while the acquisition of its patent portfolio, which means that Microsoft's acquisition of Nokia's business and assets of the expenses totaled 5.44 billion euros (about $ 7.17 billion).Nokia failed because of its long-term monopoly in the mobile phone market, resulting in a slack, underestimate the enemy emotions; enterprise bureaucracy has become popular, gradually lost self, lost the incentive to innovate. And in the mobile phone industry has changed, especially after the popularity of 3G mobile Internet revolution brought, Nokia has not been able to face changing market to make the right judgments.Political factorsLegal constraints, such as 3G, must be considered because many businesses plan to make a profit so they may be tempted to misinform their customers about pricing, products’ quality and the availability of their goods. Also, they may try to cut expenses by using lower quality materials in their products, such as weaker resources for Nokia cases and batteries. Also some companies may set out their waste in ways that harm the environment without ensuring high standards of hygiene and safety in the workplace.Inc luding, outlet stores, which are illegal and can cause legal problems for companies. In 2000, the UK Government started to accept bids from thirteen companies who wanted to run a licence to sell next-generation mobile phones. It raised  £22.47, a neat sum to anybody. However, the companies began to refuse paying the huge amount of money for the licences. The UK auction was structured so that each challenger bid was planned to be a certain percentage higher than  the previous bid. This unexpectedly resulted in the size of bids strengthening sky high at a rate of over 150 rounds of bidding.Economic factors Current economic indications, such as exchange, inflation rates, unemployment, gross national product can orient companies how to determine their policies. The other significant factor is the global economic situation for an international company such as Nokia. Considering the last two years of global handset devise market, there is a downturn in the sales.The global economic re cession and the related domestic economic crises are the most significant factors of shrink mobile phone industry. So its natural result is decrease of Nokia's mobile phone sales. According to a resource firm, named Gartner, worldwide mobile phone sales decreased 8.6 % in the first quarter of 2009 compared with first quarter of 2008. Nokia's market share dropped to 36.2 per cent to 39.1 per cent in the last quarter of 2008 (Gartner, 2009).Technological factors Nokia is not a company without a sense of crisis .Instead, Nokia has long recognized the existence of the crisis . IPhone, launched in 2007, Nokia was first proposed in the global transformation of the Internet strategy. Of all the mobile phone manufacturers , Nokia is the first high profile vendors need restructuring .At the time, Nokia's transformation direction can be attributed to Ovi – this has now been forgotten by many names. Concept Ovi by Nokia on August 29, 2007 and the company also announced a comprehensive r estructuring strategy .In response to industry changes , the Nokia Ovi store via software programs , music , maps , mail, and N-Gage mobile gaming platform , five major business transformation to fully support the Nokia Mobile Internet .In order to conform to Internet trends , Nokia also the first to make a lot of † free † move. For example in January 2010 , Nokia announced that its worldwide smart phone walking and driving navigation will all free. You know, a well-known high German navigation, Baidu navigation , etc., until the end of last month , was determined to totally free.But Nokia seek self- transformation and the result is a failure. Some call it summed up the lack of mobile Internet genes, some say lack of execution , also said that Nokia's big company disease dragged its own transformation . Anyway, Nokia does not rely on their own efforts to turn things around .IBM not so computerDecember 8, 2004, Lenovo Group in Beijing announced $ 650 million in cash and s tock worth $ 600 million (total value of about 10 billion yuan) won including Think brands, including IBM PC business (PC Division). Completed, IBM Lenovo Group holds 18.5% of shares, while Lenovo Group Lenovo Holdings will occupy about 45% of the shares. According to the agreement, Lenovo also within five years, IBM's brand. If successfully completed the acquisition of Lenovo, Lenovo will then become the world's second only to Dell, Hewlett-Packard after the third-largest PC vendor.Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's personal computer business before, its revenue was 30 billion U.S. dollars, after the merger is completed, the business volume reached $ 13 billion, so the company's foreign operations accounted for more than 75% of all business proportion, legal risk has changed greatly . Another example was a very well-known Chinese enterprises in mergers and acquisitions, foreign workers paid after termination of the contract is almost equivalent to the original acquisition cost of all th e funds.ConclusionChange management generally is difficult but no undoable. With a world closing in every day. not only international blue-chip companies are forced to critically reassess and. if necessary, change their business model, but also their organizational structure or their corporate culture. Most failed change projects underestimated or simply did not take into account the human factor.To avoid this failure the assistance of change experts or change agents (in most cases professional consultants) should be sought. Not only that most employees have no or little experience in the field of change management. In most cases people are used to their environment and emotionally unwilling to change.

Business Plan on Bakery Factory - 1405 Words

BUSINESS PLAN FO R CHISARA BAKERY AND CONFECTIONARIES INDUSTRY Name of business: Chisara Bakery and confectionaries Type of business: Sole proprietorship Vision statement Chisara bakery and confectionaries would be organized as a sole proprietorship which intends to become the major producer and distributor of assorted chin chin and other such pastries at MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE UMUDIKE and its surrounding communities by the year 2015. The business is expected to grow rapidly to assume a significant position in the NIGERIAN bakery market within the next four years. In the medium to long term, Onyibest Bakery and confectionaries is expected to make much profit to be able to support the running expenses of the†¦show more content†¦The community has six nearby surrounding towns with almost the same demographic features. Currently, there is no baking firm at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike and its environs making the enterprise a new venture with a very high potential for rapid growth and business development. The consumer demand for chin chin in the area is very high as the low income groups look out for cheap and a more affordable source of snacks. The vast unemployed youth in the area will help reduce labour cost and influence business profitability positive as the business expands. Marketing and Business Expansion Plan Management of Onyibest Bakery and confectionaries would identify all retail sellers of chin chin at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike and its environs and supply them daily at more appealing rates. The business would carve for itself a good image and goodwill through constant and unceasing daily supply to its retail partners for a continuous business growth and development. 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